Galley - meaning and definition. What is Galley
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  3. Galley

What (who) is Galley - definition

SHIP MAINLY PROPELLED BY OARS
Monoreme; Galliass; Galleys; Galley (ship); Extraordinary galley; War galley; Lanternas
  • campaigns against the Dacians]] in the early 2nd century AD; relief from [[Trajan's Column]], c. 113 AD
  • French ship under attack by [[Barbary pirates]], c. 1615
  • The ''Galley Subtle'', one of the very few Mediterranean-style galleys employed by the English. This illustration is from the [[Anthony Roll]] (c. 1546) and was intended as its centerpiece.
  • [[Assyria]]n warship, a [[bireme]] with pointed bow, from 700 BC
  • Ottoman Turks]]
  • The Byzantine fleet repels the Rus' attack on Constantinople in 941. The Byzantine [[dromon]]s are rolling over the Rus' vessels and smashing their oars with their spurs.
  • 978-1405121538}}. Plate 12.2 on p. 204.</ref> built c. 120 BC,<ref>Coarelli, Filippo (1987), ''I Santuari del Lazio in età repubblicana''. NIS, Rome, pp. 35–84.</ref> (in the [[Museo Pio-Clementino]]).
  • A painting of the [[Battle of Grengam]] in 1720 by [[Ferdinand Perrot]] (1808–41) showing a large Russian galley engaging Swedish frigates at close range. Note the crowded fighting platform (''rambade'') in the bow.
  • Contemporary depiction of the [[Battle of Lepanto]] in 1571 that shows the strict formations of the opposing fleets. Fresco in the Gallery of Maps in [[Vatican Museum]].
  • A model of a Maltese design typical of the 16th century, the last great era of the war galley in the Mediterranean Sea
  • 14th-century painting of a light galley, from an icon now at the [[Byzantine and Christian Museum]] at [[Athens]]
  • date=10 August 2020}}</ref>
  • [[Gouache]] of a late 17th-century French royal galley. The vessel is richly decorated with red and blue [[damask]], [[brocade]], and [[velvet]] for the stern canopy and flags, and carved gilded ornaments on railings, outrigger, and hull.
  • Olympias]]''
  • Madrid Skylitzes manuscript]], 11th century.
  • The [[Athlit ram]], a preserved original warship ram from around 530–270 BC. It weighs nearly half a tonne and was probably fitted to a "five" or a "four".<ref>Casson (1991), pp. 135–136</ref>
  • Ottoman]] galley ''[[Tarihi Kadırga]]'' at the [[Istanbul Naval Museum]] in 2014
  • pilgrims]] to Jerusalem ([[Conrad Grünenberg]] 1486/7)
  • [[Dionysus]] riding on a small galley-like craft in a painting from the [[Dionysus cup]] by [[Exekias]], from c. 530 BC<ref>Casson (1971), pp. 68–69</ref>
  • Illustration of a 15th-century trade galley from a manuscript by [[Michael of Rhodes]] (1401–1445) written in 1434
  • An illustration from 1643 showing the layout of rowing benches as well and placement of rowers on a galley with 16 pairs of oars. It also shows a rower at the top of the stroke using the standing rowing technique typical of ''a scaloccio'' rowing.
  • A schematic view of the [[mortise and tenon]] technique for shipbuilding that dominated the Mediterranean until the 7th century AD<ref>Unger (1980), pp.&nbsp;41–42</ref>
  • Bardo National Museum]] in [[Tunis]], Tunisia, 2nd century AD
  • Olympias]]'', a modern full-scale reconstruction of a classical Greek trireme
  • Olympias]]'' with twin side rudders
  • Ottoman galleys in battle with raiding boats in the Black Sea; Sloane 3584 manuscript, c. 1636
  • Battle between Venetian and Holy Roman fleets; detail of fresco by [[Spinello Aretino]] 1407–1408
  • The ubiquitous bow fighting platform (''rambade'') of early modern galleys. This model is of a 1715 Swedish galley, somewhat smaller than the standard Mediterranean war galley, but still based on the same design.
  • The English-built ''[[Charles Galley]]'', a "galley frigate" built in the 1670s. It was not a "true" galley, but the term still became part of its name due to its oars.
  • Modern reconstruction of a cross-section of an ancient Greek trireme, showing the three levels of rowers
  • Watercolor of United States ships at the [[Battle of Valcour Island]], depicting several "[[row galley]]s"; similar function, but based on very different designs from Mediterranean galleys.
  • Model of a Venetian three-banked galley rowed ''alla sensile'', with three rowers sharing a bench but handling one oar each
  • A Venetian ''galea sottile'' from the late 15th century from [[Vittore Carpaccio]]'s ''Return of the Ambassadors'' in the series [[Legend of Saint Ursula]] (1497–1498). Note the oars arranged in groups of three according to the ''alla sensile'' rowing method.
  • Painting of the [[Battle of Haarlemmermeer]] of 1573 by [[Hendrick Cornelisz Vroom]]. Note the use of small sailing vessels and galleys on both sides.
  • Dutch ships ramming Spanish galleys in the [[Battle of the Narrow Seas]], October 1602
  • Illustration of an Egyptian rowed ship of c. 1250 BC. Due to a lack of a proper [[keel]], the vessel has a [[truss]], a thick cable along its length, to prevent it from losing its shape.

galley         
¦ noun (plural galleys)
1. historical a low, flat ship with one or more sails and up to three banks of oars, used chiefly for warfare or piracy and often manned by slaves or criminals.
2. a large, open rowing boat kept on a warship especially for use by the captain.
3. the kitchen in a ship or aircraft.
4. (also galley proof) a printer's proof in the form of long single-column strips.
Origin
ME: via OFr. from med. L. galea, from med. Gk galaia, of unknown origin; sense 4 is from Fr. galee, denoting an oblong tray for holding set-up type.
galley         
n.
1.
Oared ship.
2.
Cook-room (of a ship), caboose.
Galley         
·noun One of the small boats carried by a man-of-war.
II. Galley ·noun A proof sheet taken from type while on a galley; a galley proof.
III. Galley ·noun A vessel propelled by oars, whether having masts and sails or not.
IV. Galley ·noun An oblong oven or muffle with a battery of retorts; a gallery furnace.
V. Galley ·noun A name given by analogy to the Greek, Roman, and other ancient vessels propelled by oars.
VI. Galley ·noun A light, open boat used on the Thames by customhouse officers, press gangs, and also for pleasure.
VII. Galley ·noun A large vessel for war and national purposes;
- common in the Middle Ages, and down to the 17th century.
VIII. Galley ·noun The cookroom or kitchen and cooking apparatus of a vessel;
- sometimes on merchant vessels called the caboose.
IX. Galley ·noun An oblong tray of wood or brass, with upright sides, for holding type which has been set, or is to be made up, ·etc.

Wikipedia

Galley

A galley is a type of ship that is propelled mainly by oars. The galley is characterized by its long, slender hull, shallow draft, and low freeboard (clearance between sea and gunwale). Virtually all types of galleys had sails that could be used in favorable winds, but human effort was always the primary method of propulsion. This allowed galleys to navigate independently of winds and currents. The galley originated among the seafaring civilizations around the Mediterranean Sea in the late second millennium BC and remained in use in various forms until the early 19th century in warfare, trade, and piracy.

Galleys were the warships used by the early Mediterranean naval powers, including the Greeks, Illyrians, Phoenicians, and Romans. They remained the dominant types of vessels used for war and piracy in the Mediterranean Sea until the last decades of the 16th century. As warships, galleys carried various types of weapons throughout their long existence, including rams, catapults, and cannons, but also relied on their large crews to overpower enemy vessels in boarding actions. They were the first ships to effectively use heavy cannons as anti-ship weapons. As highly efficient gun platforms, they forced changes in the design of medieval seaside fortresses as well as refinement of sailing warships.

Galleys were the most common warships in the Atlantic Ocean during the Middle Ages, and later saw limited use in the Caribbean, the Philippines, and the Indian Ocean in the early modern period, mostly as patrol craft to combat pirates. From the mid-16th century galleys were in intermittent use in the Baltic Sea, with its short distances and extensive archipelagoes. The zenith of galley usage in warfare came in the late 16th century with battles like that at Lepanto in 1571, one of the largest naval battles ever fought. By the 17th century, however, sailing ships and hybrid ships like the xebec displaced galleys in naval warfare. There was a minor revival of galley warfare in the 18th century in the wars among Russia, Sweden, and Denmark.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galley
Examples of use of Galley
1. The outdoor kitchen operates just like a large galley kitchen.
2. The Adventure Galley was by now rotting and leaky.
3. As she went to get help, Galley, unprompted, cried out: "I‘ve done nothing.
4. Even the 200 million Aurora, owned by P&O Cruises, fell short on galley standards.
5. There‘s no bathroom, no private sleeping quarters –– let alone a galley or torpedo room.
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